The Initial Business in Black Jacks Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Initial Business in Black Jacks - Assignment Example If the initial business plan is successful then the club facility will be extended based upon its success rate.Black Jacks targeted audience will be the population in Savannah above 18 who have the relatively refined taste of music. The targeted customers are not in any way limited in terms of gender. The Club is expected to provide music records of all genres making it easier for the customers to find their chosen records at one place. The services to be provided by Blac Jacks will also include customized music recordings. Location may be one of the most important aspects of our proposed business. This will decide which market we are going to serve as well as the future prosperity chances depends upon this. So, we have got the opportunity to buy an appropriate place in 7939 Abercorn st. Savannah. This club will be basically located in a shopping plaza where the surrounding businesses will also be helpful to boost our business. So this location will allow us to gain customers more easily. There will be no parking issue because of large car parking of the shopping plaza and also the closing time of the shopping plaza is 10:30 pm which will also be beneficial for our club. As Savannah is the largest city in the U.S. state of Georgia. The population has grown by 16.6 percent in the last ten years. Now its total population is 425,528. It is considered as the largest trading area as well as it attracts millions of visitors that may be beneficial for my business. 1. College Students: We have created an environment that will appeal the high school college students and we are expecting an increase of 5 percent from this segment annually because of positive word of mouth. 2. Childless Young Professionals: Due to our presence in the premises of shopping center, we must appeal to single students and young adults. We are expecting an annual growth of 15 % from this part of the population with the growth rate of the city.

Health Care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Health Care - Essay Example As a result of this, there are cases where treatment for some seemingly incurable diseases was successfully done in this institution. Weaknesses - Though superb in providing health care, the Mayo Clinic had been allegedly accused of "defrauded the United States by misapplying certain grant funds from the National Institutes of Health and its parent agency (Harsh Criticism for the Mayo Foundation's Accounting Practices)." High medication fees cost is another weakness of the company. Opportunities - With its state-of-the-art medical facilities and research, Mayo Clinic has capability to dominate its market share. It is also a world leader in achieving breakthroughs and improvements in health care technology. Threats - Bioterrorism is one of the threats that infests medical institutions nowadays especially in distinguished medical institutions like Mayo Clinic. The incompatibility of applying modern IT technology to Mayo Clinic's system is another threat. 2. Leadership is a very vital component in any organization. ... Decisions come from a committee with a multi-departmental representation. Its principle in incorporating teamwork in its design is clearly reflected in its management system. Mayo Clinic has been very successful under this management system. In fact, it has been hailed numerous times for its world-class quality medical service. However, at times when snap and urgent decisions are needed, a single capable leader should do the job. Mayo Clinic should address this topic to avoid any cases where prompt and immediate action is needed. They should add a policy in the by-law stating that when cases of this nature happen, they should give the chairman the power to decide on and to implement emergency regulations. 3) There are various conditions where alliances are very risky between the parties involved. One of these is when a party's business or interest belongs to a totally different nature than that of the business nature of the alliance being formed. An example of this is when two businesses form a biotechnology firm where one party belongs to the field of health care services that has no background on medical research and the other is from the realm of software development that has no previous product line that caters to medical services. The lack of familiarity of one or both of the parties is very risky for the partnership or corporation, especially now that competition is very fierce and speed of technological improvement, very rapid. Though we can say that the learning curves of both parties are very high, still the risk of delivering quality results are high considering the time spent on learning the trade and the necessary operational know-how and wisdom that the

Coherence and Fidelity in Narratives of Activist Essay Example for Free

Coherence and Fidelity in Narratives of Activist Essay Babels have now been considerably expanded to service organizations identified with the Charter of Principles of the World Social Forum. There are national coordination centers in France, Italy, Germany, the United Kingdom, Spain, Greece, Hungary, Turkey, Russia, the United States, Brazil, Korea, and Japan, and their website mentions Ð ° facility for linguistic coordination for Arabie, but it is not clear what this facility consists of. In addition to unpaid translation and interpreting work, the tasks undertaken by Babels volunteers range from giving (moral and material) support to interpreters to developing linguistic tools that are available to anyone, Babels is perhaps the best example to date of Ð ° carefully planned, equitably structured, and highly politicized international community of translators and interpreters; indeed, it explicitly describes itself as Ð ° player in the anti-capitalist debate. The group is also committed to orchestrating Ð ° conscious process of’ contamination in which the excellent language skills of the politically sympathetic trained interpreter interact with the deeper political knowledge of the language-fluent activist to develop Ð ° reflexive communications medium organic to the social forum movement. In other words, Babels does not see itself as Ð ° low-cost service provider for the social movement but rather as an active member of that narrative community with Ð ° key role in elaborating the narrative vision of the World Social Forum. Clearly the groups discussed above do not simply come together on the basis of national or other such static affiliations, nor are they motivated by personal ambition or profit. These are communities created by election, to use Fishers term. Translators and interpreters come together in these groups willingly to volunteer their time, to invest emotionally and intellectually in projects designed to undermine dominant discourses, and to elaborate more equitable and peaceful narratives of the future. What we make of their efforts depends on our own narrative location and on how we judge the coherence and fidelity of the narratives they elaborate about themselves. Narrative theory allows us to examine communities of these types and their work from at least two different perspectives. In the first instance, it is possible to examine the type of narratives these groups elaborate and to ask how they mediate those narratives, both in terms of the selection of material to be translated and the specific modes of translation adopted. Questions such as the following are productive in this regard. What type of texts do members of such activist communities select for translation? Do they embellish certain narratives in order to give those whose voices are suppressed and marginalized Ð ° better chance of being heard? Do they frame narratives with which they disagree strongly, such as the Project of the New American Century, in specific ways in order to undermine and expose their underlying assumptions? Do they omit or add material within the body of the text or do they rely on paratexts to guide the readers interpretation of each narrative? Do interpreters in the social for Ð ° reveal their own narrative location through such factors as tone of voice, pitch, or loudness? With regard to the issue of marginalization, for example, Robert Barsky argues that the nature of the asylum system is such that it systematically works against claimants, however valid their claims might be. He describes how interpreters working within this system often elaborate Ð ° claimants statement, supplement it with details they learned prior to the hearing, and improve it stylistically and rhetorically. Interpreters working for disempowered claimants who are ill served by their lawyers and the system as Ð ° whole may at times mediate the gap between the claimants competence in matters of self expression . . . and the requirements of the Refugee Board (1996:54); indeed, one of the functions they fulfill can be to quite simply tell Ð ° good story (1996:57). In terms of translation and activism, Ð ° systematic examination of interventions of this type in the output of committed communities of translators, using Ð ° theoretical framework that makes it possible to transcend narratives of neutrality and objectivity, would be Ð ° worthwhile and illuminating endeavor, І suspect it might demonstrate, for instance, that direct textual manipulation of the type that preoccupies many theorists of translation are relatively rare. In tact the accuracy of translation in this context becomes even more important, because blatant interventions can be used against the translators to brand them as biased and hence untrustworthy, which would have repercussions for the credibility of their own narratives and the narratives they set out to promote, undermining their characterological coherence (in Fishers terms, as outlined above). Instead we may well find that accuracy acquires an additional value in this context and that much of the political work is done through the selection of material to be translated and through various methods of framing the translation including paratexts, timing of the release of translations, where translations are placed, and so forth. Another line of inquiry informed by narrative theory involves examining the relevant translation communities own narratives for coherence and fidelity, using the framework outlined by Fisher above, Ð  brief analysis of the narrative of one such community, Translators without Borders, serves to illustrate the potential for this application of narrative theory. Aligning itself with what has been dubbed the sans frontierisme or without borderism movement, Translators Without Borders or Traducteurs Sans Frontieres consists ot Ð ° group of volunteer translators and interpreters who provide free translations for organizations they deem deserving, including Doctors Without Borders, Reporters without Borders, Amnesty International, and Handicap International. In some respects this is Ð ° very different type of community from Babels and Translators for Peace. As mentioned in the introduction to this article, Translators without Borders is an offshoot of Eurotexte, Ð ° commercial translation agency based in Paris, with offices also in Lisbon, Fishers principles of narrative coherence concern the way in which Ð ° story hangs together. Perhaps most relevant in this context is structural coherence, which to my mind would test negatively in the case of the narrative of Translators Without Borders because of Ð ° lack of internal consistency. This inconsistency results from the conflict between humanitarian and commercial agendas consequent on the identification of Translators without Borders and Eurotexte. The Eurotexte site features several prominent links to the Translators without Borders site, often collapsing the distinction between Ð ° commercial organization and Ð ° not-for-profit community of volunteer translators.

Coping With Computers :: essays research papers

Coping With Computers   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  While the twentieth century has proven to be a technological revolution, there has not been a single development with as much impact on our day to day lives than that of the computer. For many, the development of the modern computer has provided more widespread business opportunities, greater production efficiency, and greater convenience at both work and home than any other innovation has provided us with.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many of the degrees earned today did not exist twenty years ago. Many of the computer sciences degrees are based on technologies that were not even developed not so long ago. The resulting situation is a work force that has been caught with their ‘pants down.' For many of the senior members of this workforce, they are at a disadvantage when it comes to competing with newer college graduates in today's computer world. This article deals with the feelings of one particular person in this position.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Linda Ellerbee, a journalist and author owns a television production company. She also has her own column in Windows magazine. Her experiences with modern computer technologies range from the terminals of the 1970's all the through today with the Internet and e-mail.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of her first experiences with a computer involved sending a message over the AP news wire. As it turns out, she expressed her candid opinion on some very sensitive topics at the time, including but not limited to the Vietnam War. Consequently, the AP was not amused with the message and she was fired. At the time, this incident was popular enough to make it into Newsweek magazine.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Later on, she moved into television as a reporter, but now owns her own production company, Lucky Duck Productions. Here, she realized that computers act as the driving force in a technologically based industry. She also realized that the younger generations are certainly more comfortable and at home with personal computers.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  While running her production company, she tells of her experience with her favorite ‘ghost employee.' In her efforts to find a system administrator, she was referred to Columbia University's Center for Telecommunication Research. There, she negotiated a salary via e-mail, and whenever a system needs to be set up the ghost does it over the Internet. Of course, the bill is sent with e-mail as well. As of yet, she still has never seen the system administrator.

The South China Sea Island Disputes

The South China Sea Islands Disputes Name of student Name of institution The South China Sea Island Disputes Introduction China’s rise to the status of a global economic power has been viewed with both skepticism and hope by her neighbors. Skepticism by countries wary of China’s history of aggression as far as territorial disputes are concerned, and hope by countries wishing to benefit from trade partnerships with China. However, it is China’s activities in both the south and East China seas that have got her neighbors worrying. In the 1970s and 80s, China was concerned with marking her terrestrial borders with countries that surround her.It was in the process of defining her borders that China’s military power was felt. There were border skirmishes between China and several of her neighbors including India and Russia. Having secured her terrestrial borders, China’s attention shifted to her maritime territory and its security. She embarked on the ac quisition of islands within the East and South China Sea. It is this expansion mission into the sea that has seen many disputes arise between China and her neighbors who lay claim to the same islands. This expansion strategy has seen disputes erupt between China and her neighbors who lay claim to islands she has acquired.As early as April 2012, the Philippine and Chinese militaries nearly faced off over an island known as Scarborough Reef. In the East China Sea, China has had a long dispute with Japan and Taiwan over the ownership of a group of islands known as Senkaku in Japan and Diaoyu in China. As late as 2012, Japan and China had a standoff over these islands. Although both countries have tried to diffuse tensions over this issue, the threat of conflict remains real especially with the involvement of the United States. Thesis Statement Recent diplomatic spats between China and her neighbors have increased tensions in the South East Asia regions.Such standoffs make the threat of conflict in the region all too real especially with the involvement of external actors such as the United States. However, it should not be lost on scholars that China’s claim to various islands in both the South and East China Sea is the major contributor to these tensions. This is evidenced by the recent standoffs between China and Japan over the Diaoyu/Senkaku group of islands in the East China Sea, as well as tensions with the Philippines over the Scarborough Reef and Spratly islands in the East China Sea.This paper offers a background to the disputes between China and her neighbors over these islands, and particularly Diaoyu/Senkaku. It will further investigate the domestic factors influencing China’s assertiveness in both the South and East China Sea and her claim to these islands as well. Finally, the paper will attempt to paint some probable outcomes of these conflicts while at the same time offering possible solutions. Background to the Disputes Diaoyu/Senkak u Dispute. A look at the world map will not clearly show the location of the Diaoyu/Senkaku islands. This shows how tiny these islands are.They consist of five volcanic islands and three outcroppings located 400 km west of the Japanese island of Okinawa and approximately 170 km northeast of the republic of Taiwan (Lohmeyer, 2008). Although they are administered by Japan, there is no human habitation in these islands. Imperial China is said to have been the rightful owner of the Diaoyu/Senkaku islands before 1895. In fact, the name Diaoyu in Mandarin stands for ‘fishing ground’ or ‘fishing platform’ (Lohmeyer, 2008). The Japanese name, senkaku, means ‘sharp point’, and was given to the islands by the 19th century Japanese explorer, Kuroiwa.However, China lost the islands as well as Taiwan to Japan in the Sino-Japanese war of 1895 (O’Shea, 2012). The islands remained in Japanese hands till the end of World War II when they fell under the U nited States mandate, as did the whole of Japan after losing the war. Additionally, the ownership of Taiwan reverted back to China at the end of the Second World War but not these islands. It is important to note that Taiwan and the People’s Republic of China lay claim to the islands on the basis of history. In other words, both claim that the islands have historically been part of their territory until they were captured by Japan in 1895.However, none of these countries made an issue of the islands ownership until oil deposits were discovered in the East China Sea in 1968. By the time the U. S returned the ownership of the islands as well as Okinawa to Japan, Tensions were already building up (O’Shea, 2012). Japan lays claim to the islands based on the United Nations Convention on the Laws of the Seas (UNCLOS) principle of Continuous Peaceful Administration. Although the dispute over the islands intensified after the U. S handed them over to Japan in 1972 (Beukel, 201 1), it was not until the 1990s that this dispute gained prominence.According to O’Shea (2012), Taiwan and China were angered by media reports which revealed that a Japanese right wing group had constructed a lighthouse in Diaoyu/Senkaku, and that the group had applied to the Japanese Coast Guard to recognize it as a government property. The protests that ensued in both China and Taiwan served to whip up nationalist sentiments against Japan. China responded two years later by enacting a maritime law called ‘the law of the People’s Republic of China on the Territorial sea and Contiguous Zone’.It is article two of this law that rattled Japan and Taiwan since it states that the People’s Republic’s territory included â€Å"†¦Taiwan and all islands appertaining thereto including the Diaoyu islands† (Lohmeyer, 2008). Despite Japan’s diplomatic protests, China has not changed this part of the law. The issue of the lighthouse recogn ition surfaced again in 1996 with the Japanese government giving it a serious thought. Taiwanese and Chinese activities reacted by setting sail for the islands. Attempts by Japanese coast guards to arrest the activities resulted to the drowning of some of the activists.This incident forced Japan to allow the activists to land on the islands. Japan also shelved the lighthouse recognition issue (O’Shea, 2012). In September 2010, the dispute over the islands erupted with news of a collision between two Japanese coast guard ships and a Chinese fishing trawler (O’Shea, 2012). The crew of the trawler was apprehended by the Japanese coast guard and later released, save for the captain. When China learned that the Japanese authorities planned to charge the captain in court, it suspended the exportation of rare earth to Japan among other severe measures (Beukel, 2011).The situation was eased by the release of the Chinese captain. The situation is not helped by Tokyo’s mo ve to nationalize some of the islands in September, 2012 which was condemned by China. China even conducted naval exercises in the waters near the islands, a move Japan termed as provocative. Other island disputes involving China. According to a report by the International Crisis Group (2012), the threat of war in the South China Sea is becoming real with each passing day. This is as a result of China’s growing assertiveness in staking her claim to various islands in that part of the world.These disputes pit china with countries such as the Philippines, Vietnam, Taiwan, Indonesia, Malaysia and Brunei Darussalam (Buszynski, 2012). The disputes arise from the fact that the islands claimed by China are said to be within the Exclusive Economic Zones of the above mentioned countries. Additionally, there are reports of oil and natural gas deposits having been discovered in the waters surrounding many of these islands. These reports precipitate the disputes further. Although maritim e disputes exist between China and her South China Sea neighbors, it is Vietnam and the Philippines that have shown resolve in defense of their claims.The international Crisis Group (2012) reports that Vietnam and China have twice gone to war over Chinese occupation of islands which Vietnam says are within her Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). The first war took place in 1974 when China occupied the Paracel islands. Although Vietnam is said to have lost this war, she did not hesitate to engage her gigantic neighbor in another war in 1988. This was as a result of China’s occupation of the Spratly islands. As late as 2011, there were tensions between the two countries over China’s naval violations of Vietnamese waters.In order to counter China’s aggressive moves, Vietnam has embarked on modernization of its military and forging of closer ties with the U. S, china’s military rival in the Asia-pacific region. Resolve by the Philippines to resist China’s o ccupation of islands within Philippines EEZ was witnessed in April 2012 when the two countries were involved in both military and diplomatic standoffs. The international Crisis Group (2012) reports that this diplomatic crisis was occasioned by Chinese naval deterrence of Philippine naval patrols from apprehending Chinese fishermen in the Scarborough islands.Obviously, the fishing activities by the Chinese were illegal, and China did not have to respond as forcefully as she did. Furthermore, the Philippines, together with Malaysia, have disputed China’s claim to the Spratly archipelago (Buszynski, 2012). With the Philippines and Vietnam showing more resolve in their disputes with China, the prospects of peace in the region dwindle with each passing day. Domestic Factors Influencing China’s assertiveness in the South China Sea China’s growing assertiveness in the South China Sea is influenced by various domestic factors.They include Chinese nationalism, the need t o secure energy resources, local economic interests, competing law enforcement agencies, and the ineffectual coordination of various government actors. Ineffectual coordination of various government departments by the central authority is made difficult by the number of departments within the government. These departments are huge in number and have, on various occasions, overstepped their mandate. The International Crisis Group (2012) reports that some of these departments have assumed the role of the foreign affairs ministry.A good example would be the way the Bureau of Fisheries boats have been used to guard the waters around the disputed islands. The promotion of tourism abroad should be done through the ministry of foreign affairs, but this has not been the case. This task is undertaken by the National Tourism Administration which goes as far as marketing tourism in disputed islands (Crisis Group, 2012). Obviously, this points to weaknesses within the ministry of foreign affair s and the factional divisions within the Chinese Communist Party.Apart from ineffectual coordination in government departments, there is competition among law enforcement agencies in China. These competing interests and the agencies’ uncoordinated activities have served to heighten tensions in the South China Sea. While the China Marine Surveillance is charged with patrolling the South China Sea, the Bureau of Fisheries Administration also assumes this role. It is the latter agency that has been involved in many of the disputes involving China and her neighbors. Patrols of China’s waters should be left to her naval forces.Diaoyu/Senkaku became a major issue in the Sino-Japanese relations after the discovery of oil resources in the waters around the islands in 1968. Therefore, it would be correct to mention that the major driving factor for China’s assertiveness over this dispute is domestic energy needs. Buszynski (2012) reports that China people became the seco nd largest consumer of oil in the world in 2009. By the year 2030, China will most probably be the overall largest consumer of oil in the world. This energy need is driven by its industries.It would, therefore, be expected that the People’s Republic would aggressively assert its claim to the South Asia Sea Islands which have been reported to contain large deposits of hydrocarbons. These oil reserves are estimated to be in billions of barrels. There are also natural gas deposits underneath the seabed near Diaoyu/Senkaku islands. Another domestic factor that has been cited as influencing China’s assertive attitude in the South China Sea is Chinese nationalism. Beukel (2011) observes that there has always been resentment for Japan among the Chinese public.This resentment stems from the atrocities committed against the Chinese by the Japanese between 1895 and the Second World War. Therefore, any hostility between China and Japan whips up more nationalist sentiments among t he Chinese public. Analysts have also pointed out the fact that the Chinese leadership has at times whipped up nationalist sentiments as a way of promoting patriotism (Buszynski, 2012). Local economic interests have also contributed to the tensions between China and her South China Sea neighbors.The International Crisis Group (2012) reports that the southernmost Chinese provinces of Hainan and Guangdong directly contribute to the assertive behavior witnessed from China in the recent past. These provinces have bypassed the central government in their actions against China’s neighbors such as Vietnam and the Philippines. In other words, the provinces seek to perform better than others economically. How China is Likely to resolve these Disputes China’s activities in the South China Sea have angered many of her south East Asia neighbors. The latest altercations in the South China Sea have heightened tensions in the region.However, the dispute with Japan over the Diaoyu/Sen kaku islands presents a delicate situation since the United States plays a pivotal role in the defenses of many nations in the South China Sea region. Beukel (2011) observes that Sino-Japanese relations are quite complex because both countries are strong partners. It is encouraging to note that while the Diaoyu/Senkaku dispute has existed, it has not broken the ties between the two nations. However, as long as the United States keeps on getting dragged in the South China Sea on the side of one disputants, China’s position is likely to harden.Disputes between China and her neighbors such as the Philippines and the Vietnam can easily be solved through fora like the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN). However, the situation is precipitated by the standoffs between the disputants. Furthermore, the situation is likely to be precipitated by the military build ups in the region. Conclusion China’s activities in the South China Sea have been viewed with wariness b y her South East Asia neighbors. The long standing dispute over the long Diaoyu/Senkaku islands has been at the center of attention of the Sino-Japanese relations.The frequent flare ups in this region have been blamed on China’s strategy to expand its Exclusive Economic Zone. There are several domestic factors driving China’s quest for a larger share of the South China Sea. These include heightened Chinese nationalism, lack of coordination of the various Chinese government departments, and competing interests among the Chinese law enforcement agencies. Additionally, China’s domestic energy needs as well as local economic interests serve to heighten tensions in the South China Sea.There have been various speculations as to the directions that these disputes will take. However, these disputes can be resolved through regional fora such as the Association of South East Asian Nations, ASEAN. The situation will, however, be escalated by grand standings and continued m ilitary build ups. References Beukel, E. (2011). Popular Nationalism in China and the Sino-Japanese Relationship: The Conflict in the East China Sea: An Introductory Study. Copenhagen: Danish Institute of International Studies, DIIS. Buszynski, L. (2012).The South China: Oil, Maritime Claims, and U. S. -China Strategic Rivalry. The Washington Quarterly, 35 (2), 139-156. International Crisis Group (2012). Stirring Up the South China Sea (I). Brussels: Author. International Crisis Group (2012). Stirring Up the South China Sea (II): Regional Responses. Brussels: Author. Lohmeyer, M. (2008). The Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands Dispute: Questions of Sovereignty and Suggestion for Resolving the Dispute. Canterbury: Author. O’Shea, P. (2012). Sovereignty and the Senkaku/Diaoyu Territorial Dispute. Stockholm: EIJS, Stockholm School of Economics.

To What Extent Did Support for the Nazi Party Change...

Joshua Painter 27/11/13 Nazi Support ‘To what extent did support for the Nazi party change between the years of 1923-33?’ Between the years of 1923 to 1933 support for the Nazi Party grew 37% from 7% share of the votes in 1924 to a much larger 44% in the elections of 1933. The success that the Nazi Party gained over these years was due to many changes and promises that Hitler and the Nazi Party made to the public. As the Nazi party had done so poorly in the 1924 elections, gaining just a 5% share of the votes, Hitler knew that he would have to make some drastic changes in order to gain†¦show more content†¦Communists would frequently attend these speeches and they often ended up in violence and disorder. Hitler used this to his and the Nazi Parties advantage by using the SA to restore law and order which made the Wei mar police look powerless. He would then accuse the Weimar government of lacking leadership and power and promised people that if he was in charge he would be able to restore German law and order. This helped him gain extensive support. The SA would also march through the streets in hundreds or thousands in full uniform. This gave the German people a sense of power which tipped them towards voting for the Nazi Party. Hitler also used the SA to scare any opposing political parties away. He would send the SA to shadow their steps and stand around the leaders always in sight. This gave the opposition a clear message that the Nazi’s knew what they were doing at all times and stopped any bad mouthing of the Nazi Party. This helped the Nazi Party gain much support as there were no other parties speaking badly of the Nazi Party which made people believe that they were a good party. The Wall Street Crash was another important reason or the Nazi Party gaining support in the years 1923-33. The Wall Street Crash happened in 1929 and left Germany’s economy crippled. 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Network Application Wireless - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 20 Words: 6089 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Statistics Essay Did you like this example? 1. Introduction These are the various network management tools used by network manager to verify network connection, monitor network packets, analyse captured packets, troubleshoot network connectively failure, diagnosing network slow performance and identify source of incident in order to make the network available 24 hours seven days a week. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Network Application Wireless" essay for you Create order 1.1 Benefits of Network Management Tools Network manager benefits from network monitoring tools in so many ways as described below Easy migration from old legacy application to new technologies For example when network administrator is migrating form a legacy IOS based application to LWAPP using Airwave Management Platform software tool for wireless network management, net work administrator is provided with centralized control for Wi-Fi networks where roaming data and information as well as historical data are kept as airwave gives a common platform to manage the devices. This is beneficial to the network manager because it makes it easy for migration from old legacy applications to new technologies and makes it easy to monitor the network usage all the time Quick identification of network or server failure when the server of a portion of the network is down, before users get to notice the failure network administrator receives a warm and rectified the fault and providing the network manager with means of monitoring and providing network availability round-the-clock. Using network-monitoring tool like ipMonitoring with attributes such as such as reporting, user tracking, access point configuration management and rogue AP discovery, network administrator is able to monitor any networked device on the corporate intranet and TCP/IP LAN and receive alerts immediately depending the administrators configuration of receiving alerts; this can be received through alarm, e-mail, or third-party software when a connection fails. Diagnosis and troubleshooting, Network monitor can be used to diagnose why the server computer is not communicating with the clients computers on the network on a local area network, for example network administrator can configure network monitor to capture all the frames on the network, this includes source and destination address of the computer sending and receiving frames, protocols used as well as part of message sent. Net work administrator analyses this information to locate the source of problem on the network and troubleshoots it. Checking for connectivity of a computer online for example using ping command to check if a computer is online helps network manager for example when user calls and said they can logon to networked computer to troubleshoot and diagnose the network manager uses ping to find out if the computer in on the network or not. This is beneficial to the administrator because it helps him to identify where the problem is originating. 1.2 Structure of management information Structure of management information is a network component used in network management which is used in simple network management; its main role is to define set of module identity, object type and notification type. Structure of management information shows how related managed objects such as object names, types of data that can be stored in an object and how its transmission over the network for example action done to retrieve vale of an object with codes 2. Use Datagram Protocol User datagram protocol is a transport layer protocol that is used to send packets to computers in networked environments. User Data Protocol has the following advantages over Transport Control Protocol Connectionless When communicating with two computers on the network, user data protocol doesnt negotiate connection between the two client computers but just transfers data as its received No Connection State User data protocol doesnt maintain and doesnt keep track of any parameters such as buffers sent, congestion control and rate which data is transfer for example when used in server environment, user data protocol is able to support more active clients if a particular application is run over it because it doesnt acknowledge packets being sent or received. Small packet header over head User data protocol has got a smaller header of 8bytes of overhead making it faster in transferring data Unregulated send rate, user data protocol doesnt have congested control mechanism and data is sent at rate, which it has been generated by the application in use for example taking into account the CPU, clock rate at the source of data. 2.1 Applications layer protocol used by User data protocols as Transport layer protocol Domain Name Service Is a database like that converts the computers fully qualified domain name that are easy to be remembers such as www.yahoo.com into IP address such as 201.171.25.0. 6 that are then used by computers to connect/ communicate with each other Steaming multimedia This is the continuous transfer of video, voice and digital data that is received and showed/displayed in real time for example podcast and webcast Routing protocol Routing protocol is used to determine which path to be used to sent/ transmit data packets across a network. 2.2 Reasons why UDP is preferred over TCP Domain Name Service User data protocol is preferred over transport control protocol because its used by DNS for name queries and because the information exchange between UDP and DNS is small in size for example the packet size sent through UDP is not greater than 512 bytes. Streaming multimedia Streaming multimedia its used by UDP because it compresses audio files in to small packets of data that makes it easy to transmit and continuously streaming and transmitting audio files whenever their audio data drops. This doesnt break or cause delay on audio broadcast. The streamed data is sent by the server application to the client application stores the stream data the then displays the data received in real time or playing the voice streamed files as soon as its buffered. Routing protocol On routing protocol, User data protocol is preferred because routing table updates are sent periodically and some of the data is lost a long the way and updates need to be resent so its up to date on network layer which is impossible with transport control protocol 2.3 Controversial use of UPD in multimedia applications The use of user data protocol for streaming multiple media application is controversial because user data protocol doesnt have congestion control which is much needed to prevent the network from going into a state in which less or no work can be done, for example if a users sends high bit rate video are sent without using congestion control, user will be unable to see the video messages because of the packet overflow at the router. 2.4 Adaptive congestion control scheme One scheme that would force the use of adaptive congestion control is real time communication scheme which has building reliability into applications that will force the use of congestion control, for example in mobile application where congestion control is built though the application run over user data protocol, it acknowledges and retransmit packets that get loss during transmission Applications that perform congestion control user the network more efficiently for example with bits rates being controlled, the network will not go into a state where it can not be used 2.5 Advantage of Adaptive congestion scheme Better performance of the network for example in the case of video when small bit are sent and controlled, the performance improves as the bandwidth will be enough to support bit rates It ensures that all packets sent reach destination 3. Exchange between Dhcp Server and Client Computers DHCP Server and Client Computers See Appendix (i) For clients to receive IP addresses from dhcp servers TCP/IP need to be con figured to get IP addressed automatically on the TCP/IP properties dialogue box. Dhcp client computers that are configured to obtain IP address automatically request and receive IP configuration upon booting the client computer. Dhcp clients get IP addresses and other configuration each time the client computers are started and join the network. Dhcp server assigns IP address to a client from a predefines scope for a given duration of time and if that duration expires the IP address is released to the scope and can be assigned to another client but if the duration is longer than the lease time, the client requests for and extension before the lease expires. 3.1 Router and Components A router is a device that connects one or more computer to create a network environment for example a modem. A router has the following major components Input port Is the point is direct connection for physical link and it is the point at which incoming packets enters the port. Input port provides functions such as performing the data link layer encapsulation and encapsulation, a route lookup and sending packets to output port via switching fabric as well as proving quality of service guarantees input port classify the in a predefined service level Output port Output ports stores packets that are forward via the switching fabric and transmits or schedule packets for service on an output link performing both the reverse data link and physical link functionality as done in input port Switching Fabric This connects input ports and output ports Routing processor Executes routing protocols, creates and forward routing tables which is used in packet forwarding and performs management functions within the router. 3.2 Internet Protocol version 4 Internet protocol version 4 is the protocol that is widely in use in most corporate networks and it uses network layer protocol and its used as internetwork layer protocol on the internet 3.3 Internet protocol version 6 Internet protocol version 6 is the update version of internet protocol version 4 with much more address space. Its mostly used on the internet bone in Asian countries. Protocol Structure of an IPV4 header See Appendix (i) Protocol Structure of an IPV6 header See Appendix (iii) Due to the depletion of internet protocol version four and lager routing tables, internet version 4 has been updated to version 6 that provides better security, more address space. This has made internet version 6 more advantageous in some ways as discussed below. Internet protocol version 6 address space 3.4 Advantages of internet version 6 Internet protocol version 6 has got more address space as compared to internet version 6 for example version 6 has got 128-bit address space which allows for flexible creation of multilevel, hierarchical and routing infrastructure which is not that possible with internet protocol version 4 Internet protocol version 6 has got in built security which is standard and mandate, its offered in all implementation and has no changes the application, for example security features such as authentication on packet signing , data encryption and end-to end DHCP, DNS and IPv6 mobility is provided for in security model. 4. Wired Equivalent Privacy WEP is the short term for Wired Equivalent Privacy for a security protocol used in wireless local area network that operates at a data link layer and has a security that can be turned of and on again as defined in 802.11b standards. This standard has been set by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineering The main aim of Wireless Equivalent Privacy was to provide security via 802.1wireless network where data is sent from one end point to another. For example Key security features of WEP was meant to offer the following Confidentiality Wireless Equivalent Privacy is used to prevent data transmitted on the network from being eavesdropped by some whom the information is not meant to be communicated. Unauthorised access to wireless network Wireless Equivalent Privacy used to prevent unauthorised access to the network Data integrity, to prevent the alteration of data being transmitted 4.1 Advantages of Wired Equivalent Privacy WEP uses a 2.4 gigahertz radio frequency which provides clear signal for its lower than other frequencies and can travel through wall without affecting frequency. WEP is relatively cost effective for example the cost of a router and Wi-Fi card is normally below 55 which makes it cost effective for both big corporations, and home users 4.2 Disadvantages of Wireless Equivalent Privacy Static encryption key which is used by all the devices on the network make it very easy for packets to be intercepted and crack what the key is making it very vulnerable to hackers. For example when a router is set up on the network, the encryption used by the router is then used by almost all the device on the network Weak keys made it easier for it to guessed and cracked when used at the access point Initialisation vector in WEP is also ways reused, for example if a user who connects with WEP to access wireless network uses the same key over and over changes, this key can easily be cracked WEP has its algorithms sent in plaintext which makes it a lot easier for key streams to be determined 4.3 Difference between WEP and WPA Wireless Equivalent Privacy standard 802.11 and Wireless Fidelity Protected Access are different in so many ways for example WEP uses 128bit with 24 integrity value, while WPA used 128 bite with a 48 bit integrity value. WPA has features such as Temporarily Key Integrity Protocol which dynamically changes the keys used for encryption while Key in WEP are static and is shared by all device on the network. The combined used of 48bit integrity values and TKIP, AES makes WPA more security strong as compared to WEP. Weak keys made it easier for it to guessed and cracked when used at the access point. Initialisation vector in WEP is also ways reused for example if a user who connects with WEP to access wireless network uses the same key over and over changes, this key can easily be cracked. WEP has its algorithms sent in plaintext which makes it a lot easier for key streams to be determined These weaknesses among others called for a better standard to be adopted which will provide wireless network with better security and this led to the improvement of 802.1 to WPA. 4.4 Wireless Fidelity Protected Access WPA stands for Wireless Fidelity Protected Access for local area network base on the specification of 802.11. This standard was designed to improve on the security weakness of Wired Equivalent Privacy. 4.5 Advantages of WPA WPA provides added authentication features to basic WEP which provides for stronger encryption mechanisms. The added features includes Advanced Encryption standards protocol as used in WPA2, Temporary key Integrity Protocol as used in WPA. When use in windows 2003 environment, WPA provides the strongest wireless security. WPA has back ward compatibility for older applications that use WEP this doesnt call for upgrade. The use of 802.1x Radius servers provides administrators with means of auditing and logging incidents. 4.6 Disadvantages of WPA The set up of the pre-shared key is difficult and it not beneficially to home users with less technical knowledge. It has more over head as compared to WPE. Its incompatible with pre 1998 windows operating systems and doesnt support older firmware. Its major fall is the denial of service attacks which can leave the whole network shutdown due to constant different keys that are generated and interpreted by the network as some kind of attack. 4.7 Comparing WPA and WEP features WPA has enhanced featured that is based on WEP standard. The features in WAP include temporarily key integrity protocol and 802.1 x. This features provides dynamic key integrity and mutual authentication to most wireless local area networks 48-bit initialisation vectors Like Wireless Equivalent Protocol, Temporal Key Integrity Protocol uses the RC4 stream cipher provided by RSA security for frame body decryption and CRC for each frame before transmission but the difference here is that WPA has added feature Temporal Key Integrity Protocol that uses a 48bit initialisation vectors that has reduced the re-use of initialisation vectors. This has brought about data confidentiality. While WEP encryption is based on 128bit with 24 integrity value, which means the keys are of smaller size and integrity value making it easy for hackers to crack the keys as the initialisation vector seeds to WEP algorithm coded, this feature has been enhanced by the 48 bit integrity vector in WPA. Data Encryption When data packets are sent, it encrypted separately with RC4 cipher stream, generated by b4 bit RC4 key, the key consist 24 bit initialisation vector Pre-Packet key Construction and Distribution WPA generates a new encryption key automatically for each client, for example WPA uses unique and different key for each 802.11 frames and avoid the use of same key as in WEP. This automatic key generation makes it impossible for WPA keys to be cracked by hackers While in WEP the same key is shares by all the devices on the network is static which means due it its unchanging nature, its a lot easy for the shared key to be modified Message Integrity codes The use of Michael prevents against attacks and forgeries, WPA uses a secrete 648bite authentication key that will be shared only between the source and destination where during the process of authentication tagging function takes place and message integrity code. For forgeries to be identified, the destination receiver inputs source into verification predicate and creates another tag code and it this both matches then the message is considerers authentic is created to detect bit flipping and changes to the source and destination. Unlike WEP that uses 4 byte integrity check value to the standard payload. The receiving client calculates the integrity check value and if the values do match then there is a chance that frames were not tempered with and in case data Counter mode/ CBC-MAC This is a data confidentiality protocol used for packet authentication and data encryption. For confidentiality for example CCMP uses the advanced encryption standards in counter mode and for encryption and data integrity CCMP deals with Cipher Blocking Chaining Message Authentication Code making this standard more secure as compared to WEP which has got no encryption mode EAP encapsulation over LAN, this is the key standard use n key exchange that is not used in WEP for example this protocol allows for a four way key handshake as well as a group key handshake while in WEP there is only a two way key handshake. The IEEE802.1x as used in WPA2 provided a sure means of authenticating and controlling user traffic to secure networks 5. A Disaster Recovery Plan Is the process of restoring access to the main business applications, data, hardware and software that is required to start the system operational, Disaster Recovery Plan provides information on how to handle information that may be lost or corrupted during the disaster as well as proving team leaders with procedures of restoring information and data. 5.1 Major steps in disaster recovery process Notification procedure This is the action taken by disaster team members as soon as emergency occurs. In the notification stage, systems can be restored functions on a limited basis. For example in a data centre when database team leader receives alert on his/her computer that a file within the database is corrupt, this alert can be sent to the team assessment team either automatically by the system or mailed to the assessment team to analyse the damage Analyse the extent of the damage The analysis of the damaged cause should be done as soon as possible to determine the level of damage to the applications for example if it a power outrage has occurred in the data centre, the analysis should be able to detailed the applications affected, origin of the incident, work areas that have been affected and if there is another source of power to run the database the this can be powered on for example in case there is UPS backup while further investigation in the outrage is carried Activation of the plan Depending on the damage cause by disaster and the out come of analysis, the disaster recovery team can make a decision to activate the plan. For example in the case of data centre if the entire database server is down, the team looks at the possible way that the system can be restored with a minimal time, planning for team communication procedures, then the respective team leaders will notify staff members about and start working on their respective tasks to restore the system as agreed by the team members. Execution stage Recovery process at this stage can be looked at under Sequence of Recover activities and Recovery procedures and depending on what has been defined in the data recovery plan for example in case of ordering database, this can be done manually while recovery process is done Sequence of Recovery activities Recover process should be carried out according the priority of each disaster and level of disaster damage from the results got from the analysis. For example if the database sever is recovered and this is the main critical business system, then this should be restored first before other servers and all the disaster recovery team should carried out the restoration process as in the disaster recovery plan,. If the business has to be transferred to another site then the critical files associated with the service has to be transferred depending on the plan. For example a plan to transport IT equipment and important data files. Recovery process This includes having access to the damaged IT equipment in case of the data centre this could database servers, corrupt files, informing users of the applications, getting backup if its not in house, restoring critical systems such operating systems, SQL database, testing the system before if goes operational and connecting the system on the network and informing uses of the application of the success of the restoration. Rebuilding process Ones the recovery process has been usefully, the disaster team recovery embarks on the process of transferring all the data recovered back to the original system, or may be totally system that can best support the functionality of data service being offered. The disaster recovery team will continue to monitor for any reoccurrence of incidents, make the necessary network and infrastructure connections, bring down the contingency system upon which the application was running and when the all system is stable the data centre staff can be able to use the original system after full restoration of data Update the disaster recovery plan If new procedures are find out during the process of recovery, its updated on the recovery plan documentation which will be used again in case the same disaster occurs again 5.2Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery Plan The IT business continuity and disaster recovery plan for the IT department that I currently work in seeks to deal with the how best to handle emergency in the event of disasters and how best to minimise risk of damage, provide emergency services and recover to normalcy of service operations The Business Continuity Institute defines business continuity planning as A holistic management process that identifies potential impacts that threaten an organisation and provides a framework for building resilience with the capability for an effective response that safeguards the interests of its key stakeholders, reputation, brand and value creating activities 5.3 Aims of Business Continuity Planning Preventing a disaster At the initial planning stage, the critical areas of service operation of Information Technology is identified, for example within the Information Technology department where I work, servers for crucial systems, hot sites and training of the disasters team leaders are laid down. This initial planning stage is carried out with the aim of minimising the impact of disasters on Information technology resources and services; this also ensures that the department is able to recover as fast as possible from a disaster. Continuity The procedure of running a Information services using minimum resources during a disaster, this prevents the organisation from being put out of services both internally and externally. For example running applications for only crucial systems to continue operation while recovery is on the process Recovery The procedures that are required to restore all systems and resources are identified. This helps in bring all the resources and system to full operation, for example backing up data from off site centre. 5.4 Contingency Plan activation The activation of the organisations IT service continuity plan can be started at any time. The decision of activating the plan will be the sole responsibility of Estates and Security department with the assistant of officer in charge and contingency plan can not be started without the instruction being issued by Estates and security department with assistance from the Officer in charge. In case emergency occurs during business working hours, members of disaster recovery team will be gathered and depending on the level and mature or damage the Information technology team will be contacted If the emergency occurs out of business working hours, security is required to call the head of security or his/her deputy who will get in touch with the disaster recovery team with the help of the officer in charge and then the decision to initiate the Information communication technology business continuity plan If the team leaders are not available in the event of the emergency the deputy will take the responsibility and in the event where both the team leader and deputy are not available, next person on the list takes responsibility. 5.5 Emergency Management Team Team leader: Head of information Technology department who is responsible for over seeing all the information system services Deputy team leader: Systems Manager Responsible for all the systems applications such as the servers, back up and liaison between the off sites third party centres Team member: Database Administrator Responsible for; Internal databases and well as internal sites Ensure that a domain account has been set up for the SQL services. The admin backup and standard jobs from SourceSafe InstallationSQL Server 2000 Customise the jobs to ensure that server names and paths are correct Team member: Information Technology Security officer Responsible for the security of the internal sites and well as blocking unsafe sites Team member: Network Engineer Responsible for network connectivity and test our network devices from within our network Run test network script using DOS command Test access to the web services -Use government secure intranet network PC or dial-up PC belonging to web team in OCPD to check connection to all websites -Use nslookup to connect to wb-dns1 internal to the organisation and check that website names can be resolved Test email -An email should be sent to [emailprotected]/* */ and echo. These should respond by sending an email back 5.6 Disaster Recovery Plan Is the process of restoring access to the important system data, hardware and software that is required to start the system operational, Disaster Recovery Plan provides information on how to handle information that may be lost or corrupted during the disaster as well as proving team leaders with procedures of restoring information and data. 5.7 The main Objectives of the Information Technology Recovery Team The Recovery Teams main duties/ task are to: Prevent damages to Information Communication Installations Decide the requirements of senior management for other Departmental Recovery Teams and work accordingly to meet the requirements. Carry out tasks that lead to the provision of restoring all Information Communication service to normality as started by the Recovery Team within the disaster constraints or limits. 5.8 Disaster Recovery Team Team leader: Head of Estates and Security Responsible for the safe of the building as well as staff and members of the public Deputy team leader: Site Contractor Responsible for building and central service Team member: Head of security Responsible for staff and public safety 5.9Recovery Site The recovery site will be informed by the Information Technology Departmental recovery team leader and the assistant by Disaster recovery Team in case the team leader is absent. The site is located about 3 miles a way from the organisation, In case of serious incidents, the site can be contacted by information recovery mobile phone. 6. Assumptions With regard to the following case scenarios below, the disaster recovery team can take actions base on case scenario that is relative to the real disaster. Its the organisations policy that when incidents occur, staffs are evacuated from the building and entry to the site is not permitted unless staff members are informed by head of Estates and Security. 6.1 Case Scenarios Building Non-disruptive These case scenarios may include: Disaster in the staff car park not affecting the building Gas licking the building basement Suspicious package found in the public lockers Building is partly destroyed Scenarios in this case may include: Flood affecting the whole building Apart of the sever room that supports site B of the building is partly destroyed A part of fame room in site A where frame cabinets E8a and E8b are located is partly destroyed. IT store room is also partly affected. Building is completely destroyed Scenario in this case is: Server Room on site A of the building including cabinets room E1 and E2 are completely destroyed. 6.2 Building Non-disruptive 6.3 Actions In these case scenarios, all the information technology equipment are not destroyed. The disruption did call for evacuation of staff for healthy and safe issues and as soon as the build is cleared safe, staff members will be allowed in and operations will resume. 6.4 Building is partly destroyed In these case scenarios, some IT equipment are affected partly, it may escalate to a major for example the part destruction of server room in site A and the cabinet room where E8a and E8a may cause staff on this site to loss access to network resources. Here nothing can be done till staff members are not allowed to enter the building. Ones members are allowed in the building, all the equipment in the area affected can then tested base on the test plan below 6.5 Immediate Actions to be taken The following should be tested. XYZ website Test the organisations website DORIS ordering, ( both the internal and External DORIS should be tested) PROCAT Ordering (internal) Test the prologon website PROCAT Ordering (external) The catalogue should be tested base on the link to the site provided the by information technology recovery team Libcat (internal) and Libcat (external Check to ensure the internal Library catalogue is accesses both internal and externally. Moving Here Check moving here website Check and ensue that all pages display no error messages and if any page do display error message, mail it to database team via mailbox . 1 double p. foolscap dated Keri May 6 1876 A2A LOGIN use this direct link Carry out a standard search on the search page: Enter Keri in Keyword search box. Click on Search button. SEARCH RESULTS PAGE: 2 catalogues was found to match Keri date: 1877 [from Scope and Content]Holo. 4 double pp. foolscap dated Keri May 5 1876, in French date: 1877 [from Scope and Content]Holo QUIT RETURN TO HOMEPAGE: Click on link Exit Session Report any incidents to ABC team via mailbox Account Manager system Using the internal network resources and links, restore the admin database on na-sql1 restore the accountmanager website on na-web1 Documents Online Use the Quick Search facility to search for Keri. Click on the link for the WWI Campaign Medals hits and select the option to view details for any of the results. Report any problems to the database team via the DB Admin mailbox. Learning Curve https://www.XYZgov.uk/ Click search and then click the Personal Name tab. Type in Churchill in the name field and click the search button. This should display a results list. Click on any of the results to view the details. Report any problems to the database team via the DB Admin mailbox 6.6 Worse case scenario: Building is completely destroyed The following assumptions are made in this case scenario: Power supply in site B of the building has not been affected Access to the internet has/has not been restored to E1and E2 upon entering the Site A of the building 6.7 Action taken The backup compute room duplicates to the main sever in server room A Electric power to site B is not interrupted Services on hot standby are restored instantly Intranet and Internet verify servers Intranet and Internet web severs Mail Exchange server this will run on limited service. For example some staff members may not be able to send or receive email and access and restoration of the mail services may take as long as eight hours Objective server Restoring the current database backups and log files SQL database server All applications which run on the Internet or internal web servers will have this resilience. This will include: Doris Procat Global Search DocsOnline Moving Here Narnia The whole of the XYZ site (with all related applications) Learning Curve Family records HMC FOI Reading room screens (excluding the digital archive) This does not include (primarily due to design / licensing issues): A2A ANG Digital Preservation systems HR (including the swipe card system) Finance (Sun System) WebSense: With Websense access to all the network sites will be free without any control from IT security officer, which is of major concern. Library (Sirsi) These systems would need to be built from scratch on to new servers. Conduct the tests listed in Appendix iv Internet access may / may not be available depending on the nature of the disaster. The Disaster Recovery Team should be informed of the status of the IT Infrastructure and the service levels that can be achieved 6.8 Electric Power to site B interrupted A controlled shut down of the servers and filers in E2a / E2 should be conducted if possible while the UPS is in operation. When electric power has been restored: Turn on the servers / filer and switches in E2a / E2 can be turned on Activate the warm backups as described in 8.2.1 above. 6.9 Site B Cupboards E2 / E4 Destroyed This installation is merely a backup for the main server room, so its destruction should not interfere with the basic services provided by the Site A Server room. In the event of interrupted power to the site, the standby generator should be activated. If this represents a safety risk, a controlled shut down of the server room should be undertaken while the UPS is still functioning. When electric power has been restored: Turn on the servers / filer and switches in E2 / E4 can be turned on Conduct the tests listed in Appendix iv 6.10 Building Total Destruction In this scenario there is no computer installation left operational, and it will be 6.11 Actions taken Decamp to a remote site or alternative site Determine the address of the new location from the Disaster Recovery Team Purchase the equipment / software required by the current business need. 7. Appendices Appendix (i) DHCP Server and Client Computers Source: Articles and Tutorials Windows 2003 (Andrew Z.Tobona) Appendix (ii) Protocol Structure of an IPV4 header 4 8 16 32 bits Version IHL Type of service Total length Identification Flags Fragment offset Time to live Protocol Header checksum Source address Destination address Option + Padding Data Source: Javvin Network Management Security Appendix (iii) Protocol Structure of an IPV6 header 4 12 16 24 32 bit Version Priority Flow label Payload length Next header Hop limit Source address (128 Bites) Destination address (128 bites) Source: Javvin Network Management Security Appendix iv Immediate Actions to be taken The following internal and external websites should be tested. XYZ website Test the organisations website DORIS ordering, ( both the internal and External DORIS should be tested) PROCAT Ordering (internal) Test the prologon website PROCAT Ordering (external) The catalogue should be tested base on the link to the site provided the by information technology recovery team Libcat (internal) and Libcat (external Check to ensure the internal Library catalogue is accesses both internal and externally. Moving Here Check moving here website Check and ensue that all pages display no error messages and if any page do display error message, mail it to database team via mailbox A2A LOGIN use this direct link Carry out a standard search on the search page: Enter Keri in Keyword search box. Click on Search button. SEARCH RESULTS PAGE: 2 catalogues was found to match Keri date: 1877 [from Scope and Content]Holo. 4 double pp. foolscap dated Keri May 5 1876, in French date: 1877 [from Scope and Content]Holo. 1 double p. foolscap dated Keri May 6 1876 QUIT RETURN TO HOMEPAGE: Click on link Exit Session Report any incidents to ABC team via mailbox Account Manager system Using the internal network resources and links, restore the admin database on na-sql1 restore the accountmanager website on na-web1 Documents Online Use the Quick Search facility to search for Keri. Click on the link for the WWI Campaign Medals hits and select the option to view details for any of the results. Report any problems to the database team via the DB Admin mailbox. Learning Curve Archon 8. Bibliography https://www.intranetjournal.com/articles/200503/ij_03_24_05a.html